All of us are familiar with the impact of modern digital computers, communication systems, digital display systems, internet, email, etc. on society. One of the main causes of this revolution is the advent of integrated circuits (ICs), which became possible because of the tremendous progress in semiconductor technology in recent years. The operation of computers, communication systems, internet, email, etc., and many other systems, is based on the principles of digital techniques and these systems are referred to as digital systems.
Some of us are familiar with electronic amplifiers. These are used to amplify electrical signals. This type of signals are continuous signals and can have any value in a limited range and are known as analog signals. The electronic circuits used to process these signals are known as analog circuits and the systems built around this kind of operation are known as analog systems.
On the other hand, in an electronic calculator, the input is given with the help of switches. This is converted into electrical signals having two discrete values or levels. One of these known as LOW level and the other as HIGH level. This type of signal is known as digital signal and the circuits inside the calculator used to process these signals are known as digital circuits. A calculator is an example of a digital system.
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