The number system with base (or radix) two is known as the binary number system. Only two symbols are used to represent numbers in this system and these are 0 and 1. These are known as bits. This system has the minimum base (0 is not possible and 1 is not useful). It is a positioned system, that is every position is assigned a specific weight.
The following table illustrates counting in binary number system. The corresponding decimal numbers are given in the right hand column. Similar to decimal number system, the left-most bit is known as the most significant bit (MSB) and the right-most bit is known as the least significant bit (LSB). Any number of 0s can be added to the left of the number without changing the value of the number. In the binary number system, a group of four bits is known as nibble, and a group of eight bits is known as a byte.
4-bit binary numbers and their corresponding decimal numbers
Binary number Decimal number
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 2
0 0 1 1 0 3
0 1 0 0 0 4
0 1 0 1 0 5
0 1 1 0 0 6
0 1 1 1 0 7
1 0 0 0 0 8
1 0 0 1 0 9
1 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 1 2
1 1 0 1 1 3
1 1 1 0 1 4
1 1 1 1 1 5
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